EKSTRADITSIYA JARAYONIDA INSON HUQUQLARINI HIMOYA QILISHNING XALQARO STANDARTLARI
Keywords:
Ekstraditsiya, shaxsni topshirish, inson huquqlari, xalqaro jinoyat huquqi, qiynoq taqiqi, o‘lim jazosi, g‘ayriinsoniy muomala, ekstraditsiya cheklovlari, xalqaro sud amaliyoti, Soering ishi, “death row phenomenon”.Abstract
Maqolada ekstraditsiya institutining xalqaro huquqdagi o‘rni va uning inson huquqlari bilan bog‘liq murakkab jihatlari tahlil qilinadi. Zamonaviy amaliyot shuni ko‘rsatadiki, shaxsni topshirish faqat jinoyat-huquqiy hamkorlik vositasi emas, balki gumanitar talablar bilan cheklangan mexanizmga aylangan. “Soering v. United Kingdom” (1989) ishi ushbu sohada burilish yasab, qiynoq, g‘ayriinsoniy munosabat yoki o‘lim jazosi xavfi mavjud bo‘lsa, ekstraditsiya xalqaro huquqqa zid ekanligini belgiladi. Shuningdek, Qiynoqlarga hamda muomala va jazolashning boshqa shafqatsiz, gʻayriinsoniy yoki qadr-qimmatni kamsitadigan turlariga qarshi Konvensiya, MPGPP va mintaqaviy sudlar yondashuvlari asosida ekstraditsiyaning mutlaq cheklovlari, xavflarni baholash mezonlari va davlat majburiyatlari yoritiladi. Tadqiqotning ahamiyati inson huquqlari va ekstraditsiya bo‘yicha xalqaro standartlarning shakllanishi hamda evolyutsiyasini tizimli tahlil qilishidadir.
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