ENERGY TRANSITION AS A FACTOR OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

The global energy transition represents one of the central pillars of sustainable development in the twenty-first century. It embodies a structural transformation of the energy system—from fossil fuel dependence to the widespread use of renewable and low-carbon energy sources. This transition is driven by the necessity to mitigate climate change, improve energy security, and ensure equitable economic growth. The present article analyzes the role of the energy transition as a factor of sustainable development, emphasizing its environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Using statistical data from international organizations such as the International Energy Agency (IEA), World Bank, and UNDP, the study demonstrates the accelerating dynamics of renewable energy deployment, the decline in carbon intensity, and the rising investment in clean technologies. The research highlights that the energy transition is not only an environmental imperative but also a powerful engine of innovation, employment, and inclusive growth.