SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN MAFʼUL MAʼAHU AND MAFʼUL BIHI

Abstract

This article studies the important secondary clause in the syntax of the Arabic language – mafʼul maʼu – theoretically and practically. Mafʼul maʼu is a word form in the accusative case, which, using the letter و (wow), which means “together”, indicates that the action is performed in the company of another thing. The author explains the criteria for distinguishing this grammatical unit from mafʼul bihi by considering three main conditions inherent to it – being an independent clause, coming after “wow”, and expressing the meaning of “together”. The article also analyzes the grammatical rules of the word after “wow”, and the cases of its occurrence in the accusative case or as an equal connective. The author points out the reasons for choosing the mafʼul bihi as the object of research as its syntactic role, its location in verb sentences, the problems of accuracy arising from inactivity in Arabic texts, and its wider scope of application compared to other mafʼuls.

The article is an important scientific source in the field of linguistics for clarifying the distinguishing criteria between mafʼul maʼu and mafʼul bihi, clarifying their role in a sentence, and grammatical analysis.