“GREAT BRITAIN’S GEOPOLITICAL STRATEGY IN THE ARABIAN PENINSULA”
Keywords:
Arabian Peninsula, Near and Middle East, Britain’s colonial policy, the Persian Gulf, Ottoman Empire, protectorates.Abstract
The article “Great Britain’s Geopolitical Strategy in the Arabian Peninsula” examines the role of British imperial policy in shaping the political and economic dynamics of the region from the late 19th to the mid-20th century. It highlights the strategic importance of the Arabian Peninsula as a crossroads of maritime trade routes and a buffer zone for protecting British interests in the Persian Gulf. Special attention is given to Britain’s use of diplomatic treaties with local rulers, the establishment of protectorates along the coasts, and its rivalry with other colonial powers, particularly the Ottoman Empire and later emerging global actors. By analyzing archival materials, government reports, and contemporary scholarly interpretations, the study emphasizes how Britain combined military presence, economic leverage, and cultural influence to secure dominance in the region. The article contributes to a deeper understanding of imperial geopolitics and its long-term implications for modern Middle Eastern state formation
References
1. Akhmedova, L. Sh. England’s Policy in the Persian Gulf Zone in the Last Third of the 19th – Early 20th Century (1870–1914). St. Petersburg, 2006.
2. Bondarevsky, G. L. English Policy and International Relations in the Persian Gulf Basin (Late 19th – Early 20th Century). Moscow, 1968.
3. Bondarevsky, G. L. The Struggle of Peoples for the Persian Gulf, the Arabian Peninsula, and the Red Sea at the Turn of the 19th–20th Centuries. Abstract for the Doctor of Historical Sciences Degree. Moscow, 1965.
4. Kotlov, L. N. Yemeni Arab Republic. Moscow: Nauka, 1971.
5. Polyak, G. B., and A. N. Markova, eds. World History: Textbook for Universities. Moscow: Kultura i Sport; UNITY, 1997.
