COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BASALT, GLASS, AND CARBON FIBERS FOR ADVANCED COMPOSITE APPLICATIONS
Keywords:
basalt fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, composite materials, tensile strength, density, thermal stability, automotive engineering.Abstract
Composite materials have become essential in the modern automotive, aerospace, and construction industries due to their superior strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. Among reinforcing fibers, basalt, glass, and carbon fibers are the most widely used, each offering unique combinations of mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties. This paper presents a comprehensive comparative analysis of these three fiber types, focusing on their physical structure, chemical composition, thermal stability, and mechanical performance. Experimental and literature-based data are combined to assess tensile strength, elasticity modulus, density, and operating temperature ranges. Basalt fibers demonstrate an optimal balance between cost, mechanical performance, and environmental sustainability. The results show that while carbon fibers possess the highest mechanical strength (up to 6000 MPa), basalt fibers outperform glass fibers in both heat resistance and durability, offering a cost-effective alternative for automotive composite components.
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