BOLALARDA BRONXIAL ASTMANI MONTELUKAST BILAN DAVOLASH: SAMARADORLIK VA XAVFSIZLIK KO‘RSATKICHLARI
Keywords:
bronxial astma, bolalar, montelukast, leykotrien retseptor antagonistlari, bronxial obstruksiya, yallig‘lanish, bronxial giperreaktivlik, astma nazorati, allergik rinit, ingalyatsion kortikosteroidlar, spirometriya, xurujlar chastotasi, nojo‘ya ta’sirlar, xavfsizlik profili, klinik samaradorlikAbstract
Bronxial astma bolalar orasida keng tarqalgan surunkali yallig‘lanishli nafas yo‘llari kasalligi bo‘lib, uning klinik kechishi ko‘p omilli patogenez, allergik sensibilizatsiya, bronxial giperreaktivlik hamda bronxial obstruksiya epizodlari bilan tavsiflanadi. Zamonaviy klinik amaliyotda ingalyatsion kortikosteroidlar (IKS) bronxial astmani nazorat qilishda asosiy terapiya sifatida e’tirof etilgan bo‘lsa-da, ayrim klinik holatlarda (yengil va o‘rtacha og‘irlikdagi astma, allergik rinit bilan birga kechuvchi shakllar, virus-induksiyalangan xurujlar, IKSga past rioya qilinish) leykotrien retseptor antagonistlari, xususan montelukast preparatining qo‘llanilishi amaliy ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ushbu maqolada bolalarda bronxial astmani montelukast bilan davolashning klinik samaradorligi va xavfsizlik ko‘rsatkichlari ilmiy manbalar tahlili hamda amaliy pediatrik-pulmonologik yondashuvlar asosida yoritildi. Montelukastning bronxial astmada yallig‘lanishga qarshi ta’siri, bronxospazmni kamaytirish mexanizmlari, xurujlar chastotasiga ta’siri hamda astma nazorati ko‘rsatkichlarini yaxshilashdagi o‘rni tahlil qilindi. Shuningdek, preparatning bolalarda qo‘llanilishida kuzatilishi mumkin bo‘lgan nojo‘ya reaksiyalar, xavfsizlik monitoringi, dori vositasiga rioya qilish (adherence) va individual yondashuv zarurati ham ilmiy asosda ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tahlil natijalariga ko‘ra, montelukast yengil va o‘rtacha og‘irlikdagi bronxial astma shakllarida, ayniqsa allergik rinit bilan kombinatsiyalangan holatlarda hamda kechki simptomlar ustun bo‘lgan bemorlarda astma nazoratini yaxshilashda samarali bo‘lishi mumkin.
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