SURUNKALI BUYRAK YETISHMOVCHILIGIDA ANEMIYA: ERITROPOEZ VA SITOKIN DISBALANSI
Keywords:
surunkali buyrak yetishmovchiligi, anemiya, eritropoez, sitokin disbalansi, yallig‘lanish mediatorlari, eritrosit, eritropoetin, temir metabolizmi, integrativ yondashuv, klinik boshqaruv, hematologik buzilish, kardiovaskulyar oqibatlarAbstract
Surunkali buyrak yetishmovchiligi (SBY) jiddiy global sog‘liqni saqlash muammosi bo‘lib, u turli organ tizimlarida murakkab patofiziologik o‘zgarishlarni keltirib chiqaradi. SBY bilan kasallangan bemorlarning katta qismida anemiya rivojlanadi, bu esa nafaqat hematologik salomatlikni, balki kardiovaskulyar, nerv va muskul-skelet tizimlarining funktsional holatini ham sezilarli darajada yomonlashtiradi. Anemiyaning patofiziologiyasi eritropoezning buzilishi, eritropoetin yetishmovchiligi, yallig‘lanish mediatorlari va sitokinlar tizimidagi disbalans bilan uzviy bog‘liqdir. Surunkali yallig‘lanish natijasida IL-6, TNF-α, hepcidin va boshqa sitokinlarning ortiqcha faolligi eritrosit ishlab chiqarilishini inhibe qiladi, temir metabolizmini o‘zgartiradi va qondagi gemoglobin darajasini pasaytiradi. Shuningdek, eritropoetinning yetarli ishlab chiqarilmasligi va eritrositlarning qisqarishi bemorlarning charchoq, dispne va kognitiv buzilishlar kabi simptomlarini kuchaytiradi. Ushbu maqolada SBY bilan bog‘liq anemiyaning mexanizmlari, eritropoezga ta’sir qiluvchi yallig‘lanish omillari, sitokin disbalansi, diagnostika yondashuvlari va davolash strategiyalari ilmiy asoslangan tarzda tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga, SBY bemorlarida anemiyani kompleks va individual yondashuv orqali boshqarish, sitokin faolligini nazorat qilish va eritropoezni optimallashtirish bo‘yicha integrativ strategiyalar muhokama qilinadi.
References
1. Locatelli, F., et al. Anemia in chronic kidney disease: pathophysiology and clinical management. Kidney International, 2004, vol. 65, pp. 3–10.
2. Stauffer, M.E., & Fan, T. Prevalence of anemia in chronic kidney disease in the United States. PLoS One, 2014, vol. 9(1), e84943.
3. Macdougall, I.C. Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in chronic kidney disease: mechanisms and clinical implications. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2011, vol. 26, pp. 3760–3767.
4. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. National Kidney Foundation, 2012.
5. Weiss, G., & Goodnough, L.T. Anemia of chronic disease. New England Journal of Medicine, 2005, vol. 352, pp. 1011–1023.
6. Babitt, J.L., & Lin, H.Y. Mechanisms of anemia in CKD. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, 2012, vol. 23, pp. 1631–1634.
7. Fishbane, S., et al. Iron therapy for anemia in chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 2014, vol. 85, pp. 865–874.
8. Nemeth, E., et al. Hepcidin and iron regulation in chronic kidney disease. Kidney International, 2004, vol. 65, pp. 2266–2271.
9. Babitt, J.L., & Lin, H.Y. Cytokines and anemia in CKD. Blood, 2010, vol. 116, pp. 533–540.
10. Eckardt, K.U., et al. Pathophysiology of anemia in chronic kidney disease. Nephrology, 2005, vol. 10, pp. 2–7.
11. Locatelli, F., et al. Management of anemia in chronic kidney disease: clinical practice update. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, 2013, vol. 28, pp. 1346–1354.
12. Fishbane, S., & Spinowitz, B. Update on anemia in chronic kidney disease. Blood Reviews, 2018, vol. 32, pp. 299–309.
