CANCER: ADVANCED INSIGHTS INTO PATHOGENESIS, CLASSIFICATION, THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES, AND PREVENTION
Keywords:
Cancer, Oncogenesis, Tumor Microenvironment, Targeted Therapy, Immunotherapy, Chemotherapy, Precision Medicine, Epigenetics, Metastasis, Carcinogenesis, Checkpoint Inhibitors, Angiogenesis, Cancer Stem Cells, Liquid Biopsy, Tumor Heterogeneity, Drug Resistance, AI in Oncology, Tumor MetabolismAbstract
Cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation, genomic instability, and interactions with the tumor microenvironment. It remains a leading cause of global mortality, with incidence rates projected to increase due to aging populations and environmental factors. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of cancer biology, emphasizing molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis, cancer classification, innovative treatment approaches, and prevention strategies. Advances in precision oncology, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven diagnostics, and immunotherapy have revolutionized cancer care, yet challenges such as drug resistance, tumor heterogeneity, and metastasis persist. Addressing these obstacles requires an interdisciplinary approach combining molecular biology, computational modeling, and novel therapeutic interventions.
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