PYELONEPHRITIS: ETIOLOGY, CLINICAL COURSE, AND TREATMENT METHODS
Keywords:
pyelonephritis, kidney diseases, urinary tract infection, pathogenesis, diagnosis, antibiotic therapy, preventionAbstract
Pyelonephritis is an infectious-inflammatory disease affecting the renal calyceal-pelvic system and parenchyma, and it is one of the most common pathologies among urinary tract diseases. The disease often develops as a result of bacterial infection and occurs in acute and chronic forms. In the pathogenesis of pyelonephritis, urinary flow disruption, kidney stone disease, and anatomical and functional factors play an important role. This article extensively covers the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, as well as modern treatment and prevention methods of pyelonephritis. Based on a literature review, it is shown that early detection of the disease and rational antibiotic therapy are crucial factors in preventing severe complications such as renal failure.
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