COGNITIVE–TYPOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS IN WORLD LANGUAGES: HOW HUMAN COGNITION SHAPES GRAMMAR
Keywords:
cognitive typology, human cognition, grammatical structures, cross-linguistic patterns, semantic categories.Abstract
This article examines the relationship between human cognition and grammatical structures across the world’s languages. Cognitive–typological research suggests that many grammatical patterns are motivated not only by structural rules but also by universal cognitive tendencies such as categorization, attention, memory constraints, and perception. The study integrates insights from linguistic typology, cognitive linguistics, psycholinguistics, and neurolinguistics to demonstrate how cognitive factors influence morphology, syntax, semantic roles, spatial expressions, and evidentiality. By analyzing cross-linguistic data, the article argues that cognitive universals create predictable patterns of grammatical structures, while language-specific cultural and environmental factors account for structural variation. The findings show that cognitive typology has important implications for language teaching, translation, and artificial intelligence.
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