FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OF STUDENT ATHLETES AND NON-ATHLETES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KARAKALPAKSTAN

Abstract

The objective of the present article is to undertake a comparative analysis of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of student athletes and students who do not participate in sports, residing in different regions of Karakalpakstan. The study encompassed a total of 120 participants, with 60 being athletes who had undergone regular training for a minimum of three times per week for a period of two years, and the remaining 60 comprising untrained individuals. The parameters that were determined included the resting heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, minute blood volume, heart rate variability, and response to standard physical exertion (bicycle ergometer test). The athletes exhibited a lower resting heart rate, higher systolic volume, enhanced recovery heart rate following exercise, increased heart rate variability, and more stable blood pressure during exercise. Untrained individuals exhibit an elevated pulse rate, less pronounced adaptive mechanisms, and prolonged recovery times. The conclusion drawn from this study indicates that physical training promotes positive adaptive changes in the cardiovascular system. It is therefore recommended that sports activities be encouraged among students in Karakalpakstan, and that programmes for monitoring functional status be implemented.