COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS FOR ISOLATING FRAGRANT ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM SURKHANDARYA FLORA
Keywords:
Essential oils, Surkhandarya flora, ultrasonic extraction, steam distillation, supercritical CO₂, green chemistry, aromatic plants, terpene compounds, GC-MS analysis, sustainable technologies.Abstract
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The growing global demand for natural and eco-friendly raw materials has intensified interest in essential oils and other aromatic compounds derived from regional flora. This article presents a comparative scientific analysis of various physicochemical extraction methods for isolating fragrant organic compounds from endemic and medicinal plants of the Surkhandarya region. Specifically, steam distillation, ultrasonic extraction, and supercritical CO₂ extraction techniques were employed to evaluate the yield, efficiency, safety, and environmental impact of each method. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the extracted essential oils were performed using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The study also emphasizes the relevance of applying green chemistry principles in the selection of solvents and energy-saving technologies. Based on the results, ultrasonic and supercritical extraction methods demonstrated superior productivity and chemical purity compared to traditional approaches. The findings have practical implications for industrial-scale essential oil production, particularly in the development of competitive, sustainable, and high-quality aromatic products based on the bioresource potential of Surkhandarya’s unique flora.
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